Kristallnacht essentially served as a harbinger of the Holocaust, testing the limits of Nazi aggression and prefiguring the “Final Solution.” The tepid international response post-Kristallnacht may have further convinced the Nazis of their impunity, contributing to the escalation toward genocide. The same kind of psychological desensitization can be seen in the Western world since the great massacre of October 7, 2023.  The depersonalization of the Jews of Israel has occurred for nearly a hundred years or more. [Rabbi Michael Leo Samuel]