Jewish Religion

There were different types of war that the Jewish people would engage in. Those wars that entitled conquering the Holy Land were called, “Milchamot Mitzvah,” “Mitzvah” wars, as it was a positive commandment to conquer the land and expel the Canaanites, who were exceedingly evil people. Lest we accuse the Israelites of being colonialists it is appropriate to remember that the Canaanites had driven off the offspring of Noah’s son Shem, from whom the Jewish people trace our roots. In other words, the Jews were simply repatriating the land that belonged to them and which the Almighty had given in a bequest to Abraham our father. Astonishingly we learn about a different type of war – a war that was optional. The Torah explains that under certain circumstances the Jewish people would be allowed to expand the borders of Israel and fight wars with her neighbors in order to conquer additional lands [Rabbi Yeruchem Eilfort]

This week’s portion is titled, Shoftim, which means Judges. The portion begins with the command to appoint judges in every city. In fact the portion commands that the Jewish people should appoint not only judges but officers as well. The purpose is to insure that law and order will prevail throughout the cities. A firm belief in the necessity of law in society is foundational within Judaism, for without law we are warned in the Talmud, “One man will consume his friend.” [Rabbi Yeruchem Eilfort]